Tax & Trade Blog

---

LAWYERS REQUIRED IN MOST LARGE TAX APPEALS

TCC REVIEWS NEW TAX COURT RULES APPLYING TO GENERAL PROCEDURE CASES

In a remarkable decision rendered with a great deal of humility, and with great credit to the Tax Court Justice involved, the Tax Court of Canada (“TCC”) in Tanafranca v. The King (2025 TCC 169) has taken the opportunity to review recent changes to the manner in which large taxpayers may be represented in their Tax Court Appeals.

This case is a reminder for taxpayers that, in General Procedure cases, Experienced Tax Counsel will be required – and usually for good reason.

---

EMPLOYEE OR INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR?

SIGNIFICANT TAX & LEGAL CONSEQUENCES COME WITH MISCLASSIFICATION

One area of Indirect Tax that is often underemphasized and underappreciated by businesses and tax professionals alike is the proper classification of employees and independent contractors. Canada’s rules generally mirror those in the United States, and in both jurisdictions, misclassification of a worker (i.e., classifying the worker as an independent contractor instead of an employee) can give rise to significant tax and legal consequences.

In this Report, we review the Canadian and U.S. rules, and the challenges businesses face in navigating this classification process.

---

AUDIT INQUIRIES REQUIRE CAREFUL RESPONSES

THE STAKES ARE HIGH WHEN CRA REACHES OUT. DO NOT WAIT TO SEEK LEGAL HELP!

In the lifecycle of every large corporation, receiving an Audit inquiry from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) is not a matter of if, but when. Whether it arrives as a formal “Request for Information” or a polite introductory letter from an Auditor, this document acts as the first shot across the bow.

A business’s first response to an Audit inquiry has huge implications for the scope and duration of the ensuing Audit. It also carries implications for the taxpayer’s future liability for taxes, interest and potential penalties. In fact, at the very start of just about any kind of CRA inquiry, the stakes are often higher than most understand.

In this Tax Audits 101 Series Report, we discuss these initial Audit inquiries, why the stakes are so high, and why immediately seeking Experienced Tax Counsel can minimize negative consequences.

---

CRA HOME "BUILDER" AUDITS USING MLS DATA!

THIRD-PARTY RESOURCES TAKING CRA AUDITS TO THE NEXT LEVEL

As we have previously written here, the Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”) has significantly expanded its audit activity in the residential real estate sector – particularly targeting homeowners and renovators as “builders” for GST/HST purposes, triggering tax on the sale of homes following substantial renovation (and parallel income tax exposure).   In another troubling trend, CRA is now using third-party sources like MLS Listings to rebut taxpayer positions that these homes were intended as personal residences – often to great surprise and disappointment of the "builders".

Real Estate Audits & Use of Third-Party Sources

---

TAX LITIGATION 201: CHOICE OF VENUE

NOT ALL CRA DISCRETIONARY DECISIONS GO TO FEDERAL COURT!

Since the Supreme Court of Canada’s 2024 decisions in Iris Technologies and Dow Chemical, many taxpayers and tax practitioners have become well aware that the Tax Court of Canada is not a ”one-stop shop” for tax disputes. 

The rule of thumb for "jurisdiction" is that most tax cases go to the Tax Court of Canada, but that CRA discretionary decisions must be challenged in the Federal Court.

As we see in the Ingredion case dealt with below, that may not ALWAYS be the case – and it introduced a third possible jurisdiction in some cases:  Provincial Superior Courts!